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| PRELIMINARY Data Sheet QUIETPOWER Features * >20dB PARD attenuation from 50Hz to 500kHz * Supports point of load regulation * Peak ripple detector optimizes performance automatically * Significantly improves load transient response * Efficiency up to 98% * User selectable performance optimization * 3-30Vdc operating range * 10A rating TM Output Ripple Attenuation SiP Patents Pending Shown actual size: 1.0 x 1.0 x 0.2 in 25 x 25 x 5 mm Absolute Maximum Ratings Product Highlights Picor's QPO-1 output ripple attenuator System-in-a-Package (SiP) provides active filtering to achieve greater than 20 dB attenuation of periodic and random deviation (PARD) over the frequency range of 50Hz to 500kHz. The QPO-1 operates over a voltage range of 3 to 30Vdc and is compatible with most switching power supplies and converters. The load is regulated by using remote sensing or a reference type trim adjustment feature as is commonly found on most power supplies. The QPO-1's closed loop architecture greatly improves load transient response while ensuring steady-state precise point of load voltage regulation. The QPO-1 is available in surface mountable Land Grid and Ball Grid Array terminations. Exceeding these parameters may result in permanent damage to the product Parameter +In to -In +In to -In Load current Maximum power dissipation Operating temperature Package thermal resistance Package thermal resistance Storage temperature Rating 33 40 15 4 -20 to +85 50 TBD -40 to +125 Unit Vdc Vdc A W C C/W C/W C Ambient Free Air Optimum heat sinking Notes Continuous 100ms Continuous Part Numbering QPO - 1 L L = Land Grid Array B = Ball Grid Array Vicor Corp. Tel: 800-735-6200, 978-470-2900 Fax: 978-475-6715 QPO-1 Data Sheet Page 1 of 8 Set your site on PICOR at www.picorpower.com PRELIMINARY Electrical Characteristics Electrical characteristics apply over the full operating range of input voltage, output power and PCB substrate temperature, unless otherwise specified. All temperatures refer to the operating temperature at the interface of the PCB surface with proper reflow mounting of QPO-1. The PCB surface must have sufficient area and heat via's to the opposite side to achieve the optimum thermal resistance. QPO-1 SiP SPECIFICATIONS (-20C to +100C PCB Substrate temperature) Parameter Operating current range Min 0.03 Max 10 Unit A Notes There is no internal current limiting. The system must be properly fused such that the current does not exceed the absolute maximum rating of 15A. A minimum current of 30mA is needed to maintain regulation. Continuous Step load change rates <1A/s 50 50 (1) Operating input voltage Transient output response @ 2A step @ 10A step VHR headroom voltage range 3.0 30 Vdc mVp-p mVp-p mV VHR=375mV @ 100mA, Input capacitance = 200F VHR=375mV @ 100mA, Input capacitance = 1500F @ 100mA load with 100mVp-p ripple. See Table 1 for headroom setting RHR resistor values. QPOOUT +VHR must be set below converter over voltage trip. Input PARD = 100mVp-p, 50Hz-500kHz See Note 2 and Figure 2 for setting RSS value ISC=VHR / RSS 225 525 Output noise SC output current accuracy(2) QPO-1 bias current Power dissipation 10 5 1 60 4.0 mVp-p mVrms % mA W QPOOUT = 28V; Iout = 10A VHR = 375mV @ 100mA (without slope adjust or peak detection.) (1) Headroom voltage, peak detection and slope adjustment must be chosen by the user based on attenuation and efficiency requirements. The functional description section explains how to optimize the configuration of the QPO-1 for the voltage source used. The headroom voltage is the difference between the input and the output of the QPO-1 and is set by the selection of resistor RHR. Calculate RHR as shown. RHR = (QPOOUT / VHR ) x 2.5k (see Table 1 for example values) (2) RSS resistor sets the correction current required to trim the source output up to accommodate the headroom of the QPO-1 when remote sense is not used. This function will accommodate power supplies with positive reference based trim configuration. RSS = RIN * VOUT / VRPT ( If a converter is trimmed down use the resulting VOUT voltage in the formula for RSS) Where: RIN = input resistance of the SC or Trim pin; VOUT = source output voltage; VRPT = SC or Trim pin pre-trimmed reference QPO-1 Output 3.0V 5.0V 12.0V 15.0V 24.0V 28.0V RHR Value (ohms) 20k 33.3k 80k 100k 160k 187k Table 1--RHR computed values for VHR = 375mV @100mA. Vicor Corp. Tel: 800-735-6200, 978-470-2900 Fax: 978-475-6715 QPO-1 Data Sheet Page 2 of 8 Set your site on VICOR at www.vicorpower.com PRELIMINARY Application Notes Rps 10 1W Qp* 18 11 12 QPOIN QPOOUT 13 14 15 PEAK IN QPO-1 SC SET 16 SC CESR 19 GND Functional Description The QPO-1 is an active power filter that provides attenuation of power supply output PARD. The measured attenuation performance over frequency is shown in Figure 3 at output voltage conditions of 3.3 and 28 Vdc. The user can select and optimize the attenuation versus power dissipation by setting the headroom voltage of the active loop. The conditions in Figure 3 were measured with a low current headroom setting of 375mV with approximately 100mV peak-to-peak ripple voltage on the input to the QPO-1. The remote sense circuit configuration was used as shown in Figure 1 with the peak detector function enabled. Some power supplies need to sense the output ripple for proper operation. Cps couples the unfiltered ripple back to the sense input while Rps provides the DC feedback to the power supply from the load. Typical improvement in output noise and transient performance with a 3.3V converter is shown in Figure 4. This measured data demonstrates the reduction in noise and ripple at the output of the QPO-1 versus the source output as well as the transient capability stepping from 1 to 10A load current - the maximum current rating. This particular converter has sufficient output capacitance and response time to load changes such that no additional capacitance,CIN, is needed on the input of the QPO-1 to reach a 10A level and still maintain the output within 50mV. Module + OUT + Sense Cps* Trim - Sense Module - OUT CSC* IN* *Optional Component See Description **Required only for engineering samples 20k** 4.7uF** Figure 1--Typical Configuration using Remote Sensing Module + OUT 18 11 12 13 14 15 16 CSC* 19 QPOIN PEAKIN SC GND GND QPO-1 SLOPE ADJ Trim IN* 20 1 Module - OUT RSA *Optional Component See Description **Required only for engineering samples 20k** 4.7uF** Figure 2--Typical Configuration using Trim Control Attenuation VS Frequency 0 -10 -20 Attenuation (dB) -30 28V 10A -40 -50 -60 -70 1.00E+02 3.3V 10A 1.00E+03 1.00E+04 Frequency (Hz) Figure 3-- Attenuation vs. Frequency Vicor Corp. Tel: 800-735-6200, 978-470-2900 Fax: 978-475-6715 Set your site on PICOR at www.picorpower.com { { 17 10 9 8 7 6 5 Cco 15uF SLOPE ADJ REFGND VREF 20 GND 1 RSA GND 2 3 4 + RHR - Load QPOOUT { 17 10 9 8 7 RSS { SC SET 6 CESR REFGND 5 Cco 15uF + - VREF GND Load 2 3 4 RHR Figure 4 - Transient Response using a Vicor 3.3V Half Brick Converter Ch1: QPOIN Ch4: QPOOUT Ch3: Load Current - 10A peak, pulse width = 400S 1.00E+05 1.00E+06 Load Current Static = 1A Load Current Transient = 9A Headroom Voltage @ 100mA = 400mV QPO-1 Data Sheet Page 3 of 8 PRELIMINARY Vout = 3.3V, ILOAD = 10A 0 VHR=103mV dB VHR=134mV 1. VHR=167mV VHR=203mV The product can be used with voltage sources from 3 to 30Vdc by using either the remote sense or the voltage trim feature. The two different circuit schematics are shown in Figures 1 and 2. For either configuration, the source output will increase to accommodate the headroom setting of the QPO-1 filter to maintain the load voltage at the required level. The user can optimize performance by setting the low current (100mA) headroom operating point per Table 1 or by using the formulas in Notes 1 and 2 above the table. The user must be aware of the sources over-voltage set-point and not create a headroom voltage that will cause a shutdown condition. For this reason it is recommended that the QPO-1 be used with power supplies running at their factory preset voltages or in a trimmed down configuration. In low voltage applications (<12V), it may be required to use the CSC capacitor. This creates a soft starting of the source preventing the output from tripping the over voltage function while the QPO-1 output line comes up to the set-point. The CSC value will be converter dependent but is typically around 5 to 22F. Remote sensing may also require Qp for start up, use a logic level low voltage PFET such as IRLML6401 or equivalent. The spice simulation Figures 5, 6, and 7 demonstrate the effects of headroom versus attenuation for 3.3, 15, and 28V respectively. The attenuation and power dissipation will decrease with headroom setting so a trade-off can be selected for efficiency versus attenuation. The transient performance is proportional to the headroom setting, power source response time and the capacitance present at the input to the QPO-1. The capacitance may be within the power supply that is used or supplemented by external capacitance. Consideration of the source's sensitivity to additional output capacitance and stability must be understood before additional capacitance is added for enhancement of transient performance. The QPO-1 has two additional features that the user can select to further optimize performance. The first is a headroom slope adjustment that reduces the headroom voltage drop with increasing load current. The second is a peak detector function that increases the headroom voltage by the peak of the ripple voltage. Headroom Slope Adjustment This can be used to allow for more headroom and improved transient response at lower loads and also to approximate constant power dissipation over the load range. The slope of this curve is set by the slope adjust resistor RSA. See below for setting the RSA value. The headroom in Figures 5, 6, and 7 are at 10A and have been reduced by 150mV from the low current headroom setting with the slope function using an RSA value of 8.2k. This feature is useful to improve efficiency when used with converters that have decreasing ripple with increasing load current such as is typical with Vicor products. -50 VHR=256mV VHR=300mV -100 10Hz 100Hz 1 . 0kHz 10kHz 100kHz 1. 0MHz Frequency Figure 5 - Attenuation vs Frequency @ 3.3 volts Vout = 15V, ILOAD = 10A 0 VHR=103mV VHR=134mV dB VHR=167mV VHR=203mV -50 VHR=256mV VHR=300mV -100 10Hz 100Hz 1.0kHz 10kHz 100kHz 1. 0MHz Frequency Figure 6 - Attenuation vs frequency @ 15 volts VOUT = 28V, ILOAD = 10A 0 VHR=103mV VHR=134mV VHR=167mV VHR=203mV -50 dB VHR=256mV VHR=300mV -100 10Hz 100Hz 1.0kHz 10kHz 100kHz 1. 0MHz Frequency Figure 7 - Attenuation vs Frequency @ 28 volts Vicor Corp. Tel: 800-735-6200, 978-470-2900 Fax: 978-475-6715 QPO-1 Data Sheet Page 4 of 8 Set your site on VICOR at www.vicorpower.com PRELIMINARY The slope adjust feature can be set to zero providing relative constant headroom versus load using an RSA of 100k. The user can optimize performance based on the expected variation in load current and the desired power dissipation range. The formula below should be used to calculate the RSA value for the desired headroom versus current slope. If the peak detector is enabled, the peak of the ripple will be added back to the headroom at a given load condition. Module + OUT 1k QPOIN PEAKIN 0.1F RSA = ((I*0.05)/V) *2500 Example: For a 5A maximum load and a 150mV reduction in headroom. RSA =((5A*0.05/0.15V)*2500 = 4.167k Peak Detector Function This feature dynamically adds to the headroom voltage to accommodate converter ripple variation. This feature can be enabled by connecting the PEAKIN pin to the QPOIN pin and disabled by putting a small RC filter at the PEAKIN pin as shown in Figure 8. Figure 8 - Peak detector Disable Circuit 0 -10 3.3V 15V 28V 69.8k 324k 602k QPO-1 Attenuation vs. Power Iload=10A 1% Rhr std. values for VOUT=3.3V 15V 28V Rss =100k (delta Vhr = 0mV from 0.1 to 10A) -20 dB -30 47.5k 215k 402k -40 39.2k 178k 332k 30.1k 137k 255k -50 24.9k 113k 210k 500kHz 50Hz -60 1 2 3 21k 95.3k 178k 4 Watts The active loop performance has been optimized for 45 degrees of phase margin over the expected load range. CCO shown in Figs 1 and 2 must be a low ESR ceramic capacitor. Loading the QPO-1 directly with low ESR ceramic capacitance will affect the phase margin and is not recommended. The distributed load capacitance and inductance of the load path will vary depending on the application. The effects of a distributed load impedance on phase margin when very low ESR load capacitance is present will typically be mitigated by the distributed inductance of the load path. The transient load response in Figure 4 was measured with approximately 10nH of distributed inductance between QPO-1 output and the load board which had a 15F low ESR ceramic capacitor across the static load resistance. The following is a summary of the optional configurations that a user can select for the QPO-1. Figure 9 - Power vs Attenuation without slope 0 -10 -20 3.3V 15V 28V 27.4k 124k 232k QPO-1 Attenuation vs. Power Iload=10A 1% Rhr std. values for VOUT=3.3V 15V 28V Rss=7.1k (delta Vhr =150mV from 0.1 to 10A) * No slope adjust, no peak detect: fixed headroom over ripple amplitude and current. * Same as above, but with peak detect enabled: peak of ripple amplitude is added to the headroom voltage optimizing headroom with varying ripple amplitude. * No peak detection with slope adjust: to improve transient load range and efficiency trading off attenuation at high current. 24.9k 113k 210k -30 dB 22.6k 102k 191k -40 21k 95.3k 178k -50 500kHz 50Hz -60 1 2 3 4 18.2k 82.5k 154k 16.5k 75k 140k 14.3k 64.9k 121k * Using both peak detection and slope adjust: to accommodate ripple amplitude variation with increased transient capability and efficiency. Watt Figure 10 - Power vs Attenuation with slope adjust Vicor Corp. Tel: 800-735-6200, 978-470-2900 Fax: 978-475-6715 QPO-1 Data Sheet Page 5 of 8 Set your site on PICOR at www.picorpower.com PRELIMINARY Headroom vs. Load, Vout = 3.3V 600mV Figures 11, 12, and 13 show the headroom performance at 3.3, 15, and 28 volts respectively with an RSA = 8.2k for the three plots. Figure 11 - Headroom vs Current @ 3.3V with 150mV of slope adjust from 0.1A to 10A Figure 12 - Headroom vs Current @ 15V with 150mV of slope adjust from 0.1A to 10A Headroom vs. Load, Vout = 28V 600mV VHEADROOM VHEADROOM VHEADROOM 400mV RHR = 14.3k RHR = 16.5k RHR = 18.2k RHR = 20.5k 200mV RHR = 22.6k RHR = 24.9k RHR = 27.4k 0V 1A 2A 3A 4A 5A 6A 7A 8A 9A 10A LOAD Current Headroom vs. Load, Vout = 15V 600mV 400mV RHR = 64.9k RHR = 75k RHR = 82.5k RHR = 93.1k 200mV RHR = 102k RHR = 113k RHR = 124k 0V 1A 2A 3A 4A 5A 6A 7A 8A 9A 10A LOAD Current 400mV RHR = 121k RHR = 140k RHR = 154k RHR = 174k 200mV RHR = 191k RHR = 210k RHR = 232k 0V 1A 2A 3A 4A 5A 6A 7A 8A 9A 10A LOAD Current Figure 13 - Headroom vs Current @ 28V with 150mV of slope adjust from 0.1A to 10A Vicor Corp. Tel: 800-735-6200, 978-470-2900 Fax: 978-475-6715 QPO-1 Data Sheet Page 6 of 8 Set your site on VICOR at www.vicorpower.com PRELIMINARY Mechanical Drawings SiP Bottom View Pad Dimensions and Locations 0.984 0.046 0.200 0.192 0.192 0.046 0.046 Detail A (4 places) 0.200 0.200 0.984 0.046 0.250 0.177 0.006 SiP Bottom View Pad Designations RAMIN RAMOUT GND SC SET SC CESR SLOPE ADJ VREF REFGND PEAKIN 11,12,13,14,18 7,8,9,10,17 1,19,20 6 16 5 2 3 4 15 Detail C (1 place) Detail B (15 places) 0.062 0.062 0.092 0.125 0.092 0.125 LGA Pattern 9 10 11 12 13 VOUT 8 7 VIN 17 20 4 3 2 18 19 1 14 15 16 SC SET CESR 6 5 PEAKIN SC Vicor Corp. Tel: 800-735-6200, 978-470-2900 Fax: 978-475-6715 REFGND SLOPE ADJ GND VREF C L 0.125 0.050 0.050 0.050 0.100 0.050 0.050 0.050 0.050 0.150 0.050 C L 0.075 0.075 y0.030 (96 places) 0.075 0.100 0.050 0.150 0.050 BGA Pattern QPO-1 Data Sheet Page 7 of 8 Set your site on PICOR at www.picorpower.com Vicor's comprehensive line of power solutions includes modular, highdensity AC-DC & DC-DC modules and accessory components, fully configurable AC-DC & DC-DC power supplies, and complete custom power systems. Information furnished by Vicor is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Vicor for its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Vicor. Vicor components are not designed to be used in applications, such as life support systems, wherein a failure or malfunction could result in injury or death. All sales are subject to Vicor's Terms and Conditions of Sale, which are available upon request. Specifications are subject to change without notice. 45 Component Solutions for Your Power System Vicor Corporation 25 Frontage Road Andover, MA, USA 01810 Tel: 800-735-6200 Fax: 978-475-6715 Email Vicor Express: vicorexp@vicr.com Technical Support: apps@vicr.com Vicor Corp. Tel: 800-735-6200, 978-470-2900 Fax: 978-475-6715 QPO-1 Data Sheet P/N 26090 Rev. 1.0 12/02/10M Set your site on VICOR at www.vicorpower.com |
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